Arabfields, Maleeka Kassou, East, West & Central Africa Agriculture Correspondent — Mali is intensifying efforts to secure fertilizer imports from Russia as the West African nation looks to strengthen agricultural production and reduce pressure on local food markets. The initiative comes at a time when rising input costs and climate uncertainty continue to weigh heavily on farmers across the Sahel.
Agriculture remains one of Mali’s largest economic sectors, employing more than 60 percent of the population and contributing significantly to export revenues through cotton, rice and cereal production. Officials say ensuring stable fertilizer supplies has become a strategic priority ahead of the next planting seasons.
According to data released in 2026 by regional agricultural institutions, fertilizer demand in Mali is estimated to exceed 1 million tons annually, while domestic production capacity remains limited. Imports therefore continue to play a central role in supporting crop yields, especially for cotton producers who consume a large share of the country’s fertilizer volumes.
Russian suppliers have gained increasing importance in African fertilizer markets over the past three years. Malian authorities believe closer cooperation with Moscow could help guarantee more stable deliveries and potentially reduce procurement costs for local distributors. The discussions also reflect broader economic ties developing between the two countries in sectors linked to trade, energy and logistics.
In Bamako’s rural markets, many farmers say fertilizer prices remain one of their biggest concerns. “Last season, some producers reduced the amount of fertilizer they used because prices were too high,” said Moussa Traore, a cotton grower from the Sikasso region. “If supplies become more regular and affordable, production could improve again.”
Analysts note that fertilizer access has become increasingly sensitive across Africa due to global supply chain disruptions, currency volatility and shipping costs. In Mali, where agriculture is highly dependent on seasonal rainfall, lower fertilizer usage can quickly affect cereal harvests and household incomes.
Recent projections from agricultural economists suggest that Mali’s fertilizer consumption could rise by nearly 20 percent by 2028 if government subsidy programs continue and cultivated land expands. Cotton production alone is expected to recover gradually after weather-related disruptions affected parts of the sector in previous seasons.
The government is also exploring ways to improve storage infrastructure and transportation networks to prevent shortages during peak demand periods. Industry observers believe long-term agreements with Russian exporters could provide greater visibility for importers and reduce exposure to sudden international price swings.
Despite the challenges, many producers remain optimistic. In several farming regions, preparations for the next agricultural campaign have already begun, with cooperatives hoping that improved fertilizer availability will help boost yields for maize, millet and rice.
Economists say the success of the strategy will depend not only on import agreements, but also on distribution efficiency inside the country. If supply chains improve and subsidies remain in place, Mali could strengthen food production and reduce pressure on rural communities over the coming years.
